Simple Short Wave Transmitter Circuit

Description 

This low-cost short-wave transmitter is tunable from 10 to 15 MHz with the help of ½J gang condenser VC1, which determines the carrier frequency of the transmitter in conjunction with inductor L1. The frequency trimming can be done with VC2. The carrier is amplified by transistor T4 and coupled to RF amplifier transistor T1 (BD677) through transformer X1*. The transmitter does not use any modulator transformer.

The audio output from condenser MIC is preamplified by transistor T3 (BC548). The audio output from T3 is further amplified by transistor T2 (BD139), which modulates the RF amplifier built around transistor T1 by varying the current through it in accordance with the audio signal’s amplitude. RFC1 is used to block the carrier RF signal from transistor T2 and the power supply. The modulated RF is coupled to the antenna via capacitor C9.

Circuit Diagram:

 For antenna, one can use a 0.5m long telescopic aerial. Details of RF choke, inductor L1 and coupling RFC1 is used to block the carrier RF signal from transistor T2 and the power supply. The modulated RF is coupled to the antenna via capacitor C9. For antenna, one can use a 0.5m long telescopic aerial. Details of RF choke, inductor L1 and coupling transformer X1, we used a ready made short-wave antenna coil with tuning slug (Jawahar make), which worked satisfactorily. We tested the transmitter reception up to 75 metres and found good signal strength.

 Author: EFY Mag
Source http://www.extremecircuits.net/2010/05/simple-short-wave-transmitter.html

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FM Transmitter Circuit

Nothing critical here. To get a bit of tuning out of the coil you could put a 4-40pF trimmer capacitor (optional) parallel over the 1 μH coil, L1. C1/C4 and C5/C6 are ceramic capacitors, preferably NPO (low noise) types. C2/C3 are electrolytic or can be tantalum types. The antenna is nothing more than a piece of 12" wire or a piece of piano wire from 6" to 12".

To find the signal on your receiver, make sure there is a signal coming into the microphone, otherwise the circuit wont work. I use an old mechanical alarm clock (you know, with those two large bells on it). I put this clock by the microphone which picks up the loud tick-tock. Im sure you get the idea... Or you can just lightly tap the microphone while searching for the location of the signal on your receiver.

Parts List

R1,R3 = 100K

R2 = 10K

R4 = 470 ohm

C1,C4 = 470pF

C2,C3 = 4.7μF, 16V, electrolytic

C5,C6 = 4.7pF

C7 = 4-40pF trimmer cap (optional, see text)

L1 = 1μH

Q1,Q2 = 2N2222, NPN transistor

Mic = Electret Microphone

B1 = 9 Volt, Alkaline battery

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Long range AM transmitter Circuit

This is a long range transmitter.This circuit can send signals up to 2km.So that you have to use 1m copper wire.The power of this transmitter has been increased by usin two transistors. When you use this transmitter do give power with out connecting the antenna.Because it will burn your transistors.




Note
# The transformer T1 can be a general purpose audio driver transformer seen in transistor radios.

# The inductor L1 can be made by making 56 turns of 365 WG enameled copper wire on a 1 cm former.

# Inductor L2 can be a 10 mH general purpose radio frequency choke.

# The circuit can be powered from a 9V PP3 battery.

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Telephone transmitter

This is a simple, but very useful circuit that can be used to transmit telephone conversations. When the telephone receiver is on hook the voltage across the lines will be about 48 volts. The preset R7 is so adjusted to obtain a 24.7 V across between the cathode of D2 and ground. At this voltage the Zener diode D2 will be in breakdown and the transistor T1 will conduct. This makes the transistor T2 OFF. When the receiver is off hook, the line voltage drops to about 11 volts. This makes the transistor T1 OFF and subsequently the T2 ON. The T2 in switched ON condition will provide a DC path for the transistor T3 used in the FM transmitter section.
The transistor T3 is wired as a common emitter radio frequency oscillator. In simple words the transistor T2 serves as an ON/OFF switch for this oscillator. The modulated signal will be available at the collector of transistor T3 and the signal id fed to the antenna via capacitor C5.

Notes.

* Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB.
* For L1 make 45 turns of 36 SWG enameled copper wire on the resistor R6 itself.
* The resistor R6 must be a 1M, 1 watt resistor.
* For L2 make 3 turns of 21 SWG enameled copper wire on a 12 mm plastic former.
* For antenna, use a 1 meter insulated copper wire.
* The capacitor C3 can be a 50pF trimmer.

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Transmitter Received AM radio

AM Transmitter circuit 

To this powerful AM transmitters are huge, using ceramic tuning 3.587 mhz resonator and resonator filters are also sold with a value of 5.5 mhz, 7.7 mhz and 10.7 mhz. Distance transmitter range is approximately 2-4 km. the working principle of this circuit are filter resonator/ceramic filters raise the frequency of the value of the resonator filter.


This frequency is amplified by the transistor can be changed t1. Frequency so need C7 as a regulator / placement. sound signal superimposed over the audio transformer.frekuensi which awakened by resonator filters and t1 is fed to the next amplify strengthened so as to achieve the desired power passed to antenna. t2 and t3 as a buffer as a final power amp.

AM Transmitter Schematics

AM radio / receiver circuit

For AM radio because its hard to find IC ZN 414 then now could be replaced with the equivalent of IC MK 484. Frequency coverage between 550 kHz-1600 mhz, 3 pins of this IC include series of radio tuner, RF amplifiers, automatic gain control, the AM detector. The series voltage regulator or a power transistor made by BC 108B, 4diada IN 4148, 2k7, 820R, and the 10K trimpot, trimpot functions for selectivity of the controller of all series. Then we using a booster class A and class B amplifier for signal modulated not disappear.

AM Received Schematics

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Low Power FM Transmitter Schematic

The circuit of the transmitter is shown in Figure 1, and as you can see it is quite simple. The first stage is the oscillator, and is tuned with the variable capacitor. Select an unused frequency, and carefully adjust C3 until the background noise stops (you have to disable the FM receivers mute circuit to hear this).

Because the trimmer cap is very sensitive, make the final frequency adjustment on the receiver. When assembling the circuit, make sure the rotor of C3 is connected to the +9V supply. This ensures that there will be minimal frequency disturbance when the screwdriver touches the adjustment shaft. You can use a small piece of non copper-clad circuit board to make a screwdriver - this will not alter the frequency.

The frequency stability is improved considerably by adding a capacitor from the base of Q1 to ground. This ensures that the transistor operates in true common base at RF. A value of 1nF (ceramic) as shown is suitable, and will also limit the HF response to 15 kHz - this is a benefit for a simple circuit like this, and even commercial FM is usually limited to a 15kHz bandwidth.

The Principle of works this application;
Q1 is the oscillator, and is a conventional design. L1 and C3 (in parallel with C2) tune the circuit to the desired frequency, and the output (from the emitter of Q1) is fed to the buffer and amplifier Q2. This isolates the antenna from the oscillator giving much better frequency stability, as well as providing considerable extra gain. L2 and C6 form a tuned collector load, and C7 helps to further isolate the circuit from the antenna, as well as preventing any possibility of short circuits should the antenna contact the grounded metal case that would normally be used for the complete transmitter.

The audio signal applied to the base of Q1 causes the frequency to change, as the transistors collector current is modulated by the audio. This provides the frequency modulation (FM) that can be received on any standard FM band receiver. The audio input must be kept to a maximum of about 100mV, although this will vary somewhat from one unit to the next. Higher levels will cause the deviation (the maximum frequency shift) to exceed the limits in the receiver - usually ±75kHz.

With the value shown for C1, this limits the lower frequency response to about 50Hz (based only on R1, which is somewhat pessimistic) - if you need to go lower than this, then use a 1uF cap instead, which will allow a response down to at least 15Hz. C1 may be polyester or mylar, or a 1uF electrolytic may be used, either bipolar or polarise. If polarised, the positive terminal must connect to the 10k resistor.

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